All children develop at their own pace, and learning begins from birth.
Early development supports children’s independence, communication and ability to build relationships.
As children grow, they develop key skills that help prepare them for starting school.
What early development includes
Early development can include:
- independence, such as self‑care and listening
- social skills, including sharing and interacting with others
- communication and language
- curiosity and expressing thoughts and feelings
Some children may need more support than others, especially as they get closer to starting school.
Support for babies and very young children
Support for babies and very young children is available through the Start for Life pages. These focus on early development and support during the first years of life.
Getting ready for school
Practising everyday skills before starting school can help make the move easier.
Growing independence
Supporting children to develop independence can help them feel more confident. This includes everyday tasks such as:
- putting on and taking off coats and shoes
- using the toilet
- washing hands
- eating with a fork or spoon
Communication
Giving children space to express themselves can support communication and emotional development. This can include:
- talking and listening
- singing songs
- recognising and talking about feelings
Physical development
Physical development also plays an important role in early childhood. A child's strength and coordination can really develop with activities such as:
- climbing
- running
- jumping
- walking
Healthy routines
Having regular routines can support children’s development. This may include:
- regular bedtimes and morning routines
- eating a healthy diet
- brushing teeth twice a day
Support for school readiness
Support to help children get ready for starting school is available through the Best Start in Life website.